The self-made tapestry: pattern formation in nature by Philip Ball

Author:Philip Ball
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 978-0198502432
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2001-10-17T16:00:00+00:00

As wavy cracks in the descending glass plates get faster, the oscillations become more pronounced, until finally they start to distort from pure 'sine waves' and develop kinks (Fig. 6.6c, d). What happened at even faster speeds depends on the temperature difference between the heater and the bath (which controls the crack-inducing stress). For a small temperature drop (between about 60 and 100°C), straight cracks actually reappear at fast speeds. But for temperature drops above about 180°C, wavy cracks at low speeds rapidly give way to branching cracks, whose patterns can be very complex. A single initial crack first forks into two, and these might then each fork into a further two branches and so on. Sometimes the branches develop wavy instabilities before forking (Fig. 6.6e). Yuse and Sano were able to map out the boundaries of the straight, wavy and branching regimes as the temperature drop and crack speed (that is, the descent speed of the strip) were altered (Fig. 6.7).

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